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Piles, also known as haemorrhoids, are swollen veins in the lowest part of the rectum and anus. They are a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide.
Types of Piles:
There are two main types of piles:
1. Internal Piles: These occur inside the rectum and are usually painless. They may cause bleeding, especially during bowel movements.
2. External Piles: These occur under the skin around the anus and can be painful. They may cause itching, discomfort, and bleeding.
Subtypes of Piles:
There are several subtypes of piles, including:
1. First-degree piles: Small, internal piles that remain inside the rectum.
2. Second-degree piles: Larger, internal piles that prolapse (protrude) during bowel movements, but return to their original position afterwards.
3. Third-degree piles: Large, internal piles that prolapse during bowel movements and require manual pushing to return to their original position.
4. Fourth-degree piles: Large, internal piles that remain permanently prolapsed and cannot be pushed back into place.
5. Thrombosed piles: External piles that develop a blood clot, causing severe pain and swelling.
Causes of Piles:
Piles are caused by increased pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus. This pressure can be due to:
1. Chronic constipation: Straining during bowel movements can cause increased pressure on the veins.
2. Chronic diarrhea: Frequent bowel movements can cause irritation and inflammation of the veins.
3. Poor diet: A diet low in fiber and high in processed foods can contribute to constipation and diarrhea.
4. Lack of exercise: A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to constipation and poor bowel habits.
5. Genetics: A family history of piles can increase the risk.
6. Pregnancy and childbirth: The increased pressure on the veins during pregnancy and childbirth can cause piles.
7. Aging: The risk of piles increases with age due to the weakening of the veins and muscles in the rectum and anus.
Symptoms of Piles:
The symptoms of piles can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
1. Bleeding: Bright red blood during bowel movements (In chronic cases of piles, bleeding may not always occur, but the piles may become prolapsed).
2. Pain: Pain or discomfort during bowel movements or when sitting.
3. Itching: Itching or irritation around the anus.
4. Swelling: Swelling or lumps around the anus.
5. Discomfort: Discomfort or feeling of fullness in the rectum.
Treatment of Piles:
The treatment of piles depends on the severity of the condition. Common treatments include:
1. Lifestyle changes: Dietary changes, increased fiber intake, and regular exercise.
2. Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, creams, or suppositories.
3. Non Surgical procedures: According to the patient's problem, the disease is completely cured by various non-surgical treatment methods.
